Introduction
The GtkMenuBar, GtkMenu, and GtkMenuItem widgets are used in conjunction with each other to provide drop-down menu lists. The GtkMenuBar is essentially a horizontal packing box for the menu items. Individual GtkMenu widgets such as File and Edit are then packed inside the menu bar. Then, the GtkMenuItem widgets are packed inside a GtkMenu widget. For example, the GtkMenu widget File contains three GtkMenuItem widgets, New, Open, and Exit.
The GtkWindow widget itself contains a GtkVBox. The GtkMenuBar is added to the uppermost box of the GtkVBox, and the GtkText widget is added below that.
Screenshot
Source Code
/*
*File name: menu.c
*/#include
#include/*– This function allows the program to exit properly when the window is closed –*/
gint destroyapp (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer gdata)
{
g_print (“Quitting…\n”);
gtk_main_quit();
return (FALSE);
}/*– This function allows the program to exit properly when the window is closed –*/
gint ClosingAppWindow (GtkWidget *widget, gpointer gdata)
{
g_print (“Quitting…\n”);
gtk_main_quit();
return (FALSE);
}int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
/*– Declare the GTK Widgets used in the program –*/
GtkWidget *window;
GtkWidget *menuFile;
GtkWidget *menuEdit;
GtkWidget *menuHelp;
GtkWidget *menubar;
GtkWidget *menu;
GtkWidget *menuitem;
GtkWidget *vbox;
GtkWidget *text;gchar *buffer = “Go to the file menu and select Exit to close the application.”;
/*– Initialize GTK –*/
gtk_init (&argc, &argv);/*– Create the new window –*/
window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);/*– Create the vbox –*/
vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE, 0);/*– Create a text area –*/
text = gtk_text_new(NULL, NULL);/*– Set text area to be editable –*/
gtk_text_set_editable(GTK_TEXT (text), TRUE);/*– Connect the window to the destroyapp function –*/
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window), “delete_event”, GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC(destroyapp), NULL);/*– Create the menu bar –*/
menubar = gtk_menu_bar_new();/*– Add the menubar to the vbox –*/
gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(vbox), menubar, FALSE, TRUE, 0);
gtk_widget_show(menubar);/*– Add the text area to the window –*/
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(vbox), text);/*– Add the vbox to the main window –*/
gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window), vbox);/*—————- Create File menu items ——————*/
menuFile = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“File”);
gtk_menu_bar_append (GTK_MENU_BAR(menubar), menuFile);
gtk_widget_show(menuFile);/*– Create File submenu –*/
menu = gtk_menu_new();
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(menuFile), menu);/*– Create New menu item under File submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“New”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);/*– Create Open menu item under File submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Open”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);/*– Create Exit menu item under File submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Exit”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT (menuitem), “activate”, GTK_SIGNAL_FUNC (ClosingAppWindow), NULL);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);
/*—————- End File menu declarations —————-*//*—————- Create Edit menu items ——————–*/
menuEdit = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Edit”);
gtk_menu_bar_append (GTK_MENU_BAR(menubar), menuEdit);
gtk_widget_show(menuEdit);/*– Create File submenu –*/
menu = gtk_menu_new();
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(menuEdit), menu);/*– Create Undo menu item under Edit submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Undo”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);/*– Create Copy menu item under File submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Copy”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);/*– Create Cut menu item under File submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Cut”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);
/*—————- End Edit menu declarations —————-*//*—————- Start Help menu declarations —————-*/
menuHelp = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“Help”);
gtk_menu_bar_append (GTK_MENU_BAR(menubar), menuHelp);
gtk_widget_show(menuHelp);/*– Create Help submenu –*/
menu = gtk_menu_new();
gtk_menu_item_set_submenu(GTK_MENU_ITEM(menuHelp), menu);/*– Create About menu item under Help submenu –*/
menuitem = gtk_menu_item_new_with_label (“About”);
gtk_menu_append(GTK_MENU(menu), menuitem);
gtk_widget_show (menuitem);
/*—————- End Help menu declarations —————-*//*– Add some text to the window –*/
gtk_text_insert(GTK_TEXT(text), NULL, NULL, NULL, buffer, strlen(buffer));/*– Set window border to zero so that text area takes up the whole window –*/
gtk_container_border_width (GTK_CONTAINER (window), 0);/*– Set the window to be 640 x 480 pixels –*/
gtk_window_set_default_size (GTK_WINDOW(window), 640, 200);/*– Set the window title –*/
gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW (window), “Text Area”);/*– Display the widgets –*/
gtk_widget_show(text);
gtk_widget_show(menuitem);
gtk_widget_show(menuFile);
gtk_widget_show(menuEdit);
gtk_widget_show(menuHelp);
gtk_widget_show(vbox);
gtk_widget_show(window);/*– Start the GTK event loop –*/
gtk_main();/*– Return 0 if exit is successful –*/
return 0;
}
Compile the Source Code
gcc -Wall -g menu.c -o menu `gtk-config –cflags` `gtk-config –libs`
Execute the Program
./menu
